SMS Activate mobile proxies, by carrier

A connection that leaves through a SIM in a real carrier's network rather than a machine in a datacentre. The address handed to you sits in that carrier's mobile block — the very range it gives its own subscribers — which is why anything looking it up finds an operator rather than a hosting company.

By whose name the range is registered in. A datacentre range names a hosting company, and one public lookup returns it. A residential range names a fixed-line provider. A mobile range names a network operator, and behind it sit thousands of subscribers sharing the same public address through carrier-grade NAT — which is what makes refusing that address expensive for whoever refuses it.

By a REST call. It asks the line to drop its data session and open another, and the carrier allocates from its own pool, usually inside a few seconds. Call it as often as the work needs. The pool belongs to the carrier, so the address that comes back is occasionally the one you just had.

Neither. No traffic meter, no ceiling on simultaneous connections, and no throttle beyond a threshold nobody mentioned. The stretch is the entirety of what is being sold.

Holding several accounts on platforms that read the address block, seeing how a page or an advert behaves for a mobile visitor in another country, and reaching services that answer differently — or refuse outright — anything arriving from a hosting range.